Areas | Seasons | Forest | Ocean | Sky | Language | Sources & Links |
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ENGLISH |
HAWAIIAN |
NOTES |
Land Zones by Elevation: |
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Kuahiwi |
"Backbone", Mountain |
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Kualono |
Peaks and Ridges that form the summit |
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Kua Mauna |
Mountainside |
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Kua Hea |
The belt where small trees grow |
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Wao, Wao Nahele, Wao Eiwa |
Next belt down, where larger trees grow. |
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Wao Maukele |
Belt where the largest trees grow |
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Wao Akua |
Next belt down, where again the trees are smaller |
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Wao Kanaka; Mau |
Here the amau ferns grow, and the land is cultivated. |
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Apaa |
A region likely to be hard, baked, sterile; lower mountain slope |
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Ilima |
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Pahee |
"Slippery" |
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Kula |
Plain, Open Country |
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Kahakai |
Area bordering the ocean. |
The Sea |
Moana, Kai |
General terms for the sea |
Sea water |
Kai |
|
Sea shore |
Lihi Kai, Ae Kai |
"Edge of the sea": where waves break and spread |
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Pahola, Pahala, Hohola |
"Spread": where waves wash over the shore |
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Pueone, Poina Nalu |
Where waves break and spread toward land |
Near-Shore |
Kai Kohola |
Where shallow seas come in without rising into breakers |
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Kai Hele Ku |
"Sea for wading" |
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Kai au kohana |
"Sea for naked bathing" |
Where the waves break: |
Kai Hee Nalu |
"Surf-riding sea" |
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Kua Nalu |
"Back of the wave" |
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Kulana |
"Pitch and toss" |
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Kai Kea |
"White sea" |
Deep Sea: |
Moana |
"Ocean" |
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Kai Popolohua mea a Kane |
"Dark purple-blue sea of Kane", where the sea is very dark blue |
Waves: |
Nalu |
Waves at the surf line |
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Ale, Niau |
wind-driven billows, swells |
Tides: |
Kai holo |
"Running Tide" (rising) |
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Kai Nui, Kai Piha |
High Tide |
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Kai Moku, Kai Emi |
Receeding Tide |
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Kai Maloo |
"Dry Sea" |
The Environment: |
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Rocks: |
Pohaku |
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Lava |
'A'a |
Stiff, sharp, clinkery lava |
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Pahoehoe |
Smooth, "ropey" lava |
Tree: |
Laau; Kumu Laau |
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Leaf: |
Lau |
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Fruit: |
Hua |
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Wind: |
Makani |
General term; many winds have personal names. |
Hurricane: |
Makani Pahili; |
Strong-blowing wind; |
Rain: |
Ua |
General term; many rains have personal names. |
Water: |
Wai |
|
Freshwater Spring: |
Puna Wai |
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Bird |
Manu |
General term for birds |
Insect |
Mea kolo |
Creeping insect |
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